Countries with Below Replacement Fertility Levels (Projected: 2020-2025)

This table shows all U.N.-recognized countries and areas with populations over 90,000 that are projected to be below replacement fertility for the 2020-2025 quinquennial period.

Country or Sub-National Territory Total Fertility Rate, projected (2020-2025)† Replacement Level Fertility Rate, projected (2020-2025)†
Republic of Korea 1.08 2.07
Puerto Rico 1.18 2.07
Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.22 2.07
Taiwan 1.24 2.09
Singapore 1.24 2.08
Greece 1.26 2.08
Italy 1.30 2.07
Macao Special Administrative Region (China) 1.30 2.06
Cyprus 1.30 2.08
Republic of Moldova 1.31 2.09
Mauritius 1.35 2.08
Portugal 1.35 2.07
United Arab Emirates 1.35 2.06
Japan 1.37 2.07
Saint Lucia 1.38 2.08
Spain 1.39 2.08
Croatia 1.41 2.07
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (China) 1.41 2.08
Luxembourg 1.41 2.06
Finland 1.42 2.06
Serbia 1.42 2.08
Ukraine 1.44 2.09
Thailand 1.46 2.09
North Macedonia 1.46 2.08
Poland 1.47 2.07
Canada 1.48 2.08
Malta 1.51 2.08
Channel Islands 1.54 2.08
Hungary 1.54 2.07
Albania 1.54 2.12
Slovakia 1.55 2.07
Switzerland 1.56 2.07
Austria 1.57 2.07
Cuba 1.57 2.08
Chile 1.60 2.07
Bulgaria 1.61 2.08
Germany 1.61 2.07
Estonia 1.63 2.08
Slovenia 1.64 2.07
Barbados 1.64 2.08
Romania 1.65 2.08
Brazil 1.67 2.09
Trinidad and Tobago 1.67 2.11
Netherlands 1.68 2.06
Costa Rica 1.68 2.08
Czechia 1.68 2.07
Norway 1.70 2.07
Lithuania 1.70 2.07
China 1.70 2.14
Bahamas 1.71 2.11
Iceland 1.72 2.06
Curaçao 1.72 2.08
Colombia 1.73 2.10
Belgium 1.73 2.06
Belarus 1.74 2.08
Latvia 1.74 2.08
Montenegro 1.74 2.08
United Kingdom 1.75 2.07
Brunei Darussalam 1.76 2.10
Armenia 1.76 2.13
Denmark 1.77 2.07
Maldives 1.77 2.09
Qatar 1.78 2.07
Australia 1.78 2.07
United States of America 1.78 2.08
Ireland 1.79 2.06
Nepal 1.80 2.14
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.81 2.09
Russian Federation 1.82 2.09
Martinique 1.83 2.06
Sweden 1.84 2.07
New Zealand 1.85 2.07
France 1.85 2.06
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea 1.86 2.12
Bhutan 1.87 2.13
French Polynesia 1.88 2.07
Aruba 1.88 2.09
Bahrain 1.89 2.06
New Caledonia 1.90 2.09
Jamaica 1.91 2.10
Uruguay 1.92 2.08
Malaysia 1.92 2.09
Bangladesh 1.93 2.13
Antigua and Barbuda 1.95 2.06
El Salvador 1.96 2.10
United States Virgin Islands 1.97 2.09
Grenada 1.98 2.11
Azerbaijan 1.99 2.17
Turkey 1.99 2.10
Georgia 2.02 2.09
Lebanon 2.02 2.09
Viet Nam 2.02 2.16
Mexico 2.03 2.10
Kuwait 2.03 2.07
Myanmar 2.07 2.15
India 2.14 2.22

† Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2019.

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